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C F S
- Information International What
is CFS - CFS/ ME ?
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CFS Case Definition
The CFS
case definition defined by the CDC, Fukuda
et al., 1994. This
definition was introduced as a means intended for research, replacing a
former set of criteria, holmes.etal88.doc. A study comparing the two
CFS-definitions found the 1988-definition more likely to include cases arisen
as infectious diseases, Arpino et al., 1999., and more disabled
and longtime sufferers,
De Becker et al., 2001, and
Jason et al., 2001. Diagnostic criteria set by trans-NIH working group
for research on CFS, diagnostic.criteria.NIH06.txt. Dr.
Reeves answers questions relating to
the current CFS definition, reeves.etal06.txt. A pediatric case definition for ME and CFS, jason.etal06.txt. Aggressive efforts
may be required to promote a more inclusive case definition, friedberg.etal07.txt, friedberg.etal.07.txt, friedberg.etal07.pdf. Recently an epidemiological
definition was proposed, osoba.etal07.txt. The problems inherent in
present case definition(s), Jason et al., 1999, and Jason et al., 2000. Negotiating the diagnostic uncertainty of contested illnesses:
physician practices and paradigms, swoboda08.txt,
swoboda08.pdf. A discussion on the importance of the CDC-defined
diagnosis compared to the absence of symptoms other than fatigue, letter.stouten04.txt, letter.stouten04.pdf reply, letter.bleijenberg.etal04.txt, letter.bleijenberg.etal04.pdf. Using a broad or
narrow definition of CFS will have crucial influences on CFS epidemiologic
findings, on rates of psychiatric comorbidity, and ultimately on the
likelihood of finding a biological marker and identified etiology, jason.richman07.txt, jason.richman.07.txt. Are chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome
valid clinical entities across countries and health-care settings? hickie.etal08.txt, hickie.etal08.pdf. 2003 - Canadian Case Criteria for CFS
A Canadian clinical working
case definition for CFS was published in 2003, ME/CFS, Canadian clinical definition, 2003, Carruthers et al., 2003, Carruthers et al., 2003 (pdf). The editorial in connection with the new
guidelines,
editorial, JCFS, 2003. A short summary of the Canadian
guidelines, carruthers.etal.short03.txt and
canadian.guidelines.summary04.txt. The Canadian guidelines request laborious
testing, a problem in clinical practice according to Dr. Shepherd, comment.canadian.guidelines04.txt.
A Swedish attempt to make cohorts less heterogeneous, me-cfs.se08.txt. The
Nightingale Definition of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (M.E.), nightingale.definition06.txt,
Definitions and aetiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME): how the Canadian
consensus clinical definition of ME works, carruthers06.txt. Comparing the Fukuda et al.
criteria and the Canadian case definition for CFS, jason.etal04.txt, jason.etal04.pdf: Both definitions select
individuals who are significantly different from psychiatric controls with
chronic fatigue, and the Canadian
criteria select cases with less psychiatric co-morbidity, more physical
functional impairment, and more fatigue/weakness, neuropsychiatric, and
neurological symptoms. The NICE trial in the UK does not stick to strict CFS diagnostic criteria, cfs-definition07.txt. Future CFS Definition(s)
Identification of ambiguities
in the 1994 CFS research case definition and recommendations for resolution, reeves.etal03.txt, reeves.etal03.pdf.
The Swedish CFS research team’s results raise fundamental questions
about the 1994 Centers for Disease Control criteria as (1) there was no
empirical support for the requirement of four of eight cardinal CFS symptoms;
(2) these eight symptoms were not equivalent in their capacity to predict
fatigue; and (3) no combination of symptoms was markedly more heritable, sullivan.etal05.txt, sullivan.etal05.pdf. Improving the 1994
CDC-diagnostic criteria: identification
of new diagnostic symptoms, the use of severity ratings for symptomatology,
and the identification of standardized measures that differentiate cases of
CFS from other conditions, king.jason04.txt, king.jason04.pdf. A most interesting
paper ‘Rethinking somatoform disorders’, janca05.txt. A review
‘Somatoform Disorders: Time for a New Approach in DSM-V’, mayou.etal05.txt, mayou.etal05.pdf Jason et al. defined
4 subgroups within an empirical CFS definition, jason.etal07.txt,
jason.etal07.pdf. Is there a test for CFS or FM ?
An unverified spectroscopic diagnosis of CFS in
serum samples has been suggested, sakudo.etal06.txt,
sakudo.etal.06.txt, sakudo.etal06.pdf. With FM unverified findings
of urine markers, ribel-madsen.etal07.txt.
Searching for serum trace element
levels and clinical parameters in patients with FM, sendur.etal.08.txt. Serum antioxidants and
nitric oxide levels in FM: a controlled study, sendur.etal08.txt.
FM: urination frequency as an
important diagnostic marker, stormorken.brosstad05.txt. A test for identification of CFS by means of gene
expression, kerr.etal.06.txt, kerr.etal06.txt, kerr.etal06.pdf,
and xie.etal06.txt. CD19+ genes identified could
provide robust and biologically meaningful basis for the early detection and
unambiguous phenotyping of CFS, aspler.etal08.txt,
aspler.etal08.pdf. A patent application (WO/2008/010082): Diagnostic
method for FMS or CFS, Patent2008.DiagFM.CFS.txt. Who
gets the syndrome ? hempel.etal07.txt, hempel.etal.07.txt, hempel.etal07.pdf. Failure to recover from acute infection
with Mononucleosis was not related to body weight, schur.etal07.txt,
schur.etal07.pdf. CFS in International Classification of Diseases
(ICD)
CFS is classified (coded) in
WHO's (1992) ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases) as G93.3,
a subcategory under diseases of the brain,
(i.e. a neurological disease). On the classification issue
following a WHO note 23 Jan 2004, who.classification.us04.txt.
The WHO website on this issue, who.guide.online.link04.txt. In the US a modification of the previous WHO coding
ICD-9, a so called ICD9-CM is still in use (CM "Clinical Modifications"). This results
in difficulties in relation to CFS, as this disease is not covered by the
ICD-9. However, the US has adopted the ICD-10 (including clinical
modifications) supposedly to be in use by 2004. A short note on the
classification of CFS and ME by the WHO, codes.who.explanation04.txt. An alternative to WHO, e-medicine classification, e-medicine.cfs07.txt. CFS/ ME in UK Classification
In 2004 the British WHO-associated office finally
accepted the correct CFS/ ME code as G93.3, who.coding.cfs.me04.txt. Dr. Charles Shepherd wrote to the UK
National Health Service to make this institution change its information on
the coding question, classification.cfs.complaint04.txt. The
correct WHO classification of CFS is now a fact even in the UK as shown by
their statement 24, Jan 2004, who.classification.me.cfs04.txt. Some interesting considerations over the
ME-term endings “itis” and “pathy”, who.classification.consideration04.txt. A short summary of the ICD-10 coding of CFS, as
opposed to the coding of Neurastenia written by a CFS/ME-activist, ICD-10, clarification, and ICD-10, Neurastenia. Problems may arise in the future if WHO supports a
"wider" fatigue definition as opposed to a "narrow"
fatigue definition. This relates to the future
ICD-11 coding of CFS,
Skapinakis et al., 2003,
Skapinakis et al., 2003 (pdf). |
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